Crop production and management

  Sugarcane Sugarcane  or  sugar cane  refer to several species and hybrids of tall  perennial  grasses in the genus  Saccharum , tribe  Andropogoneae , that are used for  sugar   production . The plants are two to six metres (six to twenty feet) tall with stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in  sucrose , which accumulates in the  stalk internodes . Sugarcanes belong to the grass family  Poaceae , an economically important  flowering plant  family that includes maize, wheat, rice, and  sorghum , and many  forage  crops. It is native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of  Southeast Asia  and  New Guinea . Sugarcane is the world's largest crop by production quantity, with 1.8 billion  tonnes   produced in 2017, with Brazil accounting for 40% of the world total. In 2012, the  Food and Agriculture Organization  estimated it was cultivated on about 26...

  Sorghum crops Sorghum is truly a versatile crop that can be grown as a grain , forage or sweet crops. Sorghum is one of  the top five cereal crops in the world . The United States is the world's largest producer of grain sorghum. Season Sorghum is grown in the Kharif (rainy season) and rabi (post rainy season) but the share of Kharif is higher both in terms of area under cultivation and production. Sowing time Sorghum crop is grown in almost all the season of  the year. In Northern India conditions it is grown in Kharif season but in Southern India the crop is grown during rabi and summer season. Kharif crop should be sown soon after first break of monsoon rain i.e. nearly in last week of June. Recognizing the key developmental stages of sorghum can aid in making critical management decisions. The stages are based on sorghum structures as they develop over the life of the  e, the first leaf likely will fall off the plant within 25 days of emergence. The following a...

Paddy (rice) Paddy , also called rice paddy, small ,level, flooded field used to cultivate rice .  Paddy field  A Paddy field is a flooded field of arable and used for growing semi-aquatic crops, most notably rice and taro . Season The main rice growing season in the country is ' Kharif'. It is known as winter season as per the harvesting time. The sowing time of winter (Kharif) rice is June- july and it is harvest in November - December. Production of rice  Rice is grown in more than a hundred countries, with a total harvest area of approximately more than 700 million tons annually (470 million tons of milled rice). Nearly 640 million tons of rice are grown in Asia , representing 90% of global production Cultivation of rice  The seeds are transplanted by hand then through proper irrigation, the seeds are cultivated. Rice grows on a variety of soil like silts , loams and gravels.... In the hilly areas , slopes are cut into terraces for the cultivation of rice . Thus,...

Groudnut crops   Groundnut is raised mostly as a rain fed Kharif Crop, being some from May to June, depending on the monsoon rains. It is down as late August or early September. As an irrigation crop it is grown to limited extent between January and March and between in May and July . Production of groudnut crops The highest productivity of groundnut (1604kg/ha) is in state of Tamil Nadu, while in Gujarat the productivity is about 1190/ha. In Gujarat, groundnut is grown in an about 20 lakh hectares area with area with total production of about 26 lakh tonnes annually. Season It has a 150-day growing cycle which makes it ideal for the local summer season, and ensure that harvesting can be completed before frost arrives if planned timeously. The crop is grown in rotation with Maize to improve disease, weed and pest management in both crops. Steps First, the peanut are planted and harvested. Then, they are shelled and dry roasted. Next , they go through a cooling and blanching process...